HP always renounced the "hire and fire" mentality,  which  meant  to  employ 
many workers for  a  single  big  order  and  to  dismiss  them  afterwards. 
Instead, the company offered its employees "almost perfect  job  security.") 
Even in 1974, when the U.S. economy  was  in  a  profound  crisis  and  many 
people were unemployed, HP avoided layoffs by  a  four-day  workweek,  which 
was a unique measure in corporate America. 
The two founders trusted in the "individual's own motivation to  work")  and 
treated their employees as family members; hence the  custom  to  call  each 
other by the first name - even the two chiefs were only known  as  Bill  and 
Dave. 
The HP workers were participated in the company with stock options and  were 
even paid additional premiums when  HP  was  successful  -  today  known  as 
profit sharing. These measures served to identify the employees  with  their 
work and to encourage them. 
Moreover,  the  HP  way  included  extensive  employment  benefits  such  as 
scholarships for the employee's children. 
At the end of the 1950s Bill and Dave decided to write  down  the  company's 
objectives, which were to serve as guidelines for  "all  decision-making  by 
HP people,") since the company had grown ever  larger.  With  some  changes, 
those objectives are still valid today.  They  cover  as  follows:  "Profit, 
Customers,  Fields  of  Interest,  Growth,  Our  People,   Management,   and 
Citizenship.") And these objectives are to be achieved through teamwork. 
HP's strategies nowadays comprise mainly  the  "Management  by  Objectives", 
"Management by Wandering around" meaning informal communication  within  the 
company,  and  "Total  Quality  Control"  which  aims  at  producing  highly 
qualified products.) 
The HP way is seen as model for corporate culture in many countries. 
The roots of many  subsequent  companies  are  located  in  HP,  e.g.  Steve 
Wozniak, who worked at HP and later co-founded Apple. This has  led  to  the 
establishment of a new corporate culture in Silicon Valley  and  many  firms 
have tried to imitate the HP  way  and  ad  opted  measures  such  as  stock 
options, innovative work rules, teamwork, and profit sharing. 
HP today. 
Business Summary PALO ALTO, Calif., Nov. 13, 2000 -- Hewlett-Packard 
Company (NYSE: HWP) today reported 17% revenue growth (20% excluding 
currency effects) in its fourth fiscal quarter ended Oct. 31, 2000. 
Excluding extraordinary other income and restructuring expenses, diluted 
earnings per share (EPS) was up 14% from the year-ago quarter. 
During the quarter, HP completed its previously announced 2-for-1  split  of 
its common stock in the form  of  a  stock  dividend.  Share  and  per-share 
amounts have been adjusted to reflect this split. 
Net revenue was $13.3 billion, compared with $11.4 billion  in  last  year's 
fourth quarter. EPS for the quarter was 41  cents  on  a  diluted  basis,(1) 
excluding investment and divestiture gains and losses, the effects of  stock 
appreciation  rights  and  balance  sheet  translation,  and   restructuring 
expenses. Including these items, diluted EPS on  a  reported  basis  was  45 
cents per share on approximately 2.05 billion shares  of  common  stock  and 
equivalents outstanding. This compares with diluted EPS of 36 cents  in  the 
same period last year(2). 
"We are pleased that revenue growth is accelerating, but  very  disappointed 
that we missed our EPS growth target this quarter due to the  confluence  of 
a number of issues that we now understand and  are  urgently  addressing.  I 
accept full responsibility  for  the  shortfall,"  said  Carly  Fiorina,  HP 
chairman, president and chief executive officer. 
"Issues  that  reduced  profitability  included  margin  pressures,  adverse 
currency effects, higher-than-expected expenses, and business mix. The  good 
news is that our business is healthy, demand is strong, and  we  are  making 
good progress against our strategic objectives as we continue the hard  work 
of reinventing hp. We are determined to succeed and  are  not  backing  away 
from our growth targets," Fiorina said. 
HP also announced it has terminated discussions with  PricewaterhouseCoopers 
(PwC) regarding the potential acquisition of its consulting business. 
Fiorina said, "We are disappointed that we have not been  able  to  reach  a 
mutually acceptable agreement to acquire PwC's consulting business. This  is 
a high-quality operation, and we  believe  the  strategic  logic  underlying 
this  acquisition  is  compelling.  However,  given   the   current   market 
environment, we are no longer  confident  that  we  can  satisfy  our  value 
creation and employee retention objectives -- and I am unwilling to  subject 
the  HP  organization  to  the  continuing  distraction  of  pursuing   this 
acquisition any further. We remain committed  to  aggressively  growing  our 
consulting capabilities, organically and possibly by  acquisition,  and  are 
open to other business arrangements to achieve our goals." 
Business Summary 
Net revenue in the United States was $6.0 billion, an increase of  13%  from 
the year-ago quarter. Revenue from outside the U.S. rose 20% (26%  in  local 
currency) to $7.3 billion. In Europe, revenue was $4.5 billion, an  increase 
of 15% (27% in local currency). In Asia Pacific, revenue was  $1.9  billion, 
an increase of 36% (34%  in  local  currency).  In  Latin  America,  revenue 
increased 11% to $0.6 billion. 
Imaging and Printing Systems 
The imaging and printing systems segment -- laser and inkjet  printing,  and 
imaging devices and associated supplies -- grew  6%  in  revenue  year  over 
year (9% in local  currency)  against  a  very  strong  quarter  last  year. 
Internet printing and a migration to color are driving strategy and  growth. 
Strong sales of supplies, scanners, all-in-one (AiO) products, and  consumer 
imaging devices, as well as overall strength in Europe and  Asia,  partially 
offset softness in the U.S. business printing market  and  continuing  price 
erosion in inkjet printers. 
Nearly 12 million printing and scanning  devices  were  shipped  during  the 
quarter. HP's  color  LaserJet  market  share  continues  to  grow  and  new 
products began shipping in October. Imaging revenues grew 31% over the year- 
ago period, driven by strong performances in  all  product  lines:  AiOs  up 
31%, scanners up 12% and digital cameras and printers  up  137%.  AiO  units 
were up 53% and PhotoSmart printer units were  up  208%.  Supplies  revenues 
grew 15% against a strong quarter last year. 
Operating margin was 13.4%, up from 13.2% last year. 
Computing Systems 
The computing systems segment -- a broad range  of  Internet  infrastructure 
systems and solutions for businesses and consumers, including  workstations, 
desktops, notebooks, mobile devices, UNIX(R) and  PC  servers,  storage  and 
software solutions -- grew 29% in revenue  year  over  year  (32%  in  local 
currency) with strong performances across all product categories. 
UNIX server revenues rose 23% year over year, with orders up 43%, driven  by 
excellent performance in low- and mid-range  servers.  Superdome,  HP's  new 
high-end  server  introduced  this  quarter,  is  achieving   stronger-than- 
expected market acceptance, and volume  shipments  remain  on  schedule  for 
January. NetServer revenues were up 20%. Enterprise  storage  revenues  were 
up 40% with the HP Surestore E Disk Array XP512,  HP's  flagship  enterprise 
storage product, up 90% in revenues with strong backlog.  Software  revenues 
(excluding VeriFone) were up 18%, but down sequentially  with  strong  order 
backlog at the end of the  quarter.  OpenView  revenues  were  up  29%  with 
orders up 60%. PC revenues were up  40%,  with  home  PC  revenues  up  62%, 
notebooks up 164%, workstations up 11%, and commercial desktops up 8%. 
Operating margin was 3.7%, up from 3.2% last  year,  but  down  sequentially 
from 7.3% in the third quarter primarily due  to  margin  pressures,  higher 
expenses and mix changes. 
IT Services 
The IT services segment  --  hardware  and  software  services,  along  with 
mission-critical, outsourcing, consulting and customer financing services -- 
 grew  15%  in  revenue  year  over  year  (18%  in  local  currency).  HP's 
consulting business achieved in 46% revenue  growth,  with  substantial  new 
hires broadening and deepening the organization's capabilities. 
Operating margin was 7.4%, essentially flat with 7.5% last year. 
Costs and Expenses 
Cost of goods sold this quarter was 72.5% of net revenue, up from  71.3%  in 
the year-ago period.  Expenses  grew  15%.  After  adjusting  for  currency, 
expense growth was 17%. Operating expenses, as reported, were 20.3%  of  net 
revenue. This compares with 20.7% in the comparable period last year. 
Asset Management 
Return on assets for the  quarter  was  10.5%  compared  with  9.8%  in  the 
comparable quarter last year. Inventory was 11.7% of revenue  compared  with 
11.5% in last year's fourth fiscal quarter. Trade receivables were 13.1%  of 
revenue compared with 14.1% in the prior year period.  Net  property,  plant 
and equipment was 9.2% of  revenue  compared  with  10.2%  in  the  year-ago 
quarter. 
Full-year Review 
Net revenue increased 15% to  $48.8  billion.  Net  revenue  in  the  United 
States rose 14% to $21.6 billion, while  revenue  from  outside  the  United 
States increased 16% to $27.2 billion. 
Net earnings from continuing operations were $3.6 billion,  an  increase  of 
15%, compared with $3.1 billion in fiscal 1999. Net earnings per share  were 
$1.73 on a diluted basis, up 16% from $1.49 last year. 
Outlook for FY 2001 
For the 2001 fiscal year  ending  Oct.  31,  2001,  HP  expects  to  achieve 
revenue growth in the range of 15 to 17%, compared to 15% in FY 2000.  Gross 
margin percentage in FY 2001 is expected to be  in  the  range  of  27.5  to 
28.5%, compared to 28.5% in FY 2000, with improvements beginning in the  2nd 
quarter.  Total  operating  expenses  in  FY  2001  are   expected   to   be 
approximately 10 to 12% above FY  2000.  Tax  rate  is  expected  to  remain 
constant at approximately 23%. 
The  forward-looking  statements  in  this  Outlook  are  based  on  current 
expectations  and  are  subject  to  risks,  uncertainties  and  assumptions 
described  under  the  sub-heading  "Forward-Looking   Statements."   Actual 
results may differ materially from the expectations expressed  above.  These 
statements do not include the potential impact of any mergers,  acquisitions 
or other business combinations that may be completed after Oct. 31, 2000. 
HP will be discussing its fourth quarter results and its 2001 outlook  on  a 
conference call today, beginning at 6 a.m. (PST).  A  live  Webcast  of  the 
conference         call         will         be         available         at 
http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/investor/quarters/2000/q4webcast.html. A replay  of 
the Webcast will be available at the same Web site shortly  after  the  call 
and will remain available through 4:30 p.m. PST on Nov. 22, 2000. 
The rise of Silicon Valley 
Hewlett-Packard was Silicon  Valley's  first  large  firm  and  due  to  its 
success one of the area's most admired electronics firms. 
While HP was important for the initial growth of the area and at  first  was 
based on electronic devices, the actual Silicon Valley  fever  was  launched 
in the mid-1950s  with  Shockley  and  Fairchild,  and  other  semiconductor 
firms, and went on to the microelectronics revolution  and  the  development 
of the first PCs in the mid-1970s, continuing till today. 
Invention of the transistor 
One major  event  was  crucial  for  this  whole  development.  It  was  the 
invention of the transistor that revolutionized the world of electronics. 
By the 1940s, the switching  units  in  computers  were  mechanical  relays, 
which were then replaced by  vacuum  tubes.  But  these  vacuum  tubes  soon 
turned out to have some critical disadvantages, which  impeded  the  further 
progress  in  computing  technology.  In  contrast,  transistors  were  much 
better. They could perform everything the vacuum tubes  did,  but  "required 
much less current, did not generate as much heat, and  were  much  smaller") 
than vacuum tubes. 
The use of vacuum tubes, which could not be made as  small  as  transistors, 
had meant that the computers were very large and drew a lot  of  power.  For 
example the famous American ENIAC, built in  1946  and  consisting  of  more 
than 18,000 vacuum tubes, had a total weight of  30  tons,  filled  a  whole 
room of 500 square meters and consumed 150 KW  per  hour.  The  breathtaking 
development in computers can be seen, when comparing the ENIAC with  today's 
laptops which are portable with about 5 kg, are battery driven and run  some 
100,000 times faster.) 
This development  was  launched  by  the  transistor  (short  for  "transfer 
resistance") invention in 1947 by William Shockley and his  colleagues  John 
Bardeen and Walter Brattain. This "major  invention  of  the  century")  was 
made at the Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey, which are the "R&D arm  of 
the American Telephone and Telegraph Company  (AT&T).")  And  in  1956,  the 
three scientists received the Nobel Prize in  Physics  for  their  invention 
that had "more significance than the mere obsolescence  of  another  bit  of 
technology.") 
The transistor is a "switch - or,  more  precisely,  an  electronic  "gate," 
opening and closing to allow  the  passage  of  current.")  Transistors  are 
solid-state and are based on semiconductors such as  silicon.  The  crystals 
of these elements show properties, which are  between  those  of  conductors 
and insulators, so  they  are  called  semiconductors.  The  peculiarity  of 
semiconductor crystals is that they can be made "to act as a  conductor  for 
electrical current passing through it in one  direction")  only,  by  adding 
impurities or "doping" them - for instance, "adding small amounts  of  boron 
of phosphorus.") 
Shockley Semiconductor 
In 1955, William Shockley, co-inventor of the transistor, decided  to  start 
his  own  company,  Shockley  Semiconductor,  to  build  transistors,  after 
leaving the Bell Labs. The new firm was seated in Palo Alto in  Santa  Clara 
County, California, where he had grown up. Shockley man aged to  hire  eight 
of the best scientists from the  East  Coast,  who  were  attracted  by  his 
scientific reputation. These talented young men - "the cream of  electronics 
research" - represented the "greatest collection of electronics genius  ever 
assembled". Their names were: Julius Blank, Victor Grinich, Eugene  Kleiner, 
Jean Hoerni, Jay Last, Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce and Sheldon Roberts.) 
But however brilliant Shockley was, who was called  a  "marvelous  intuitive 
problem solver" and a "tremendous generator of ideas" by  Robert  Noyce,  it 
soon turned out that he was "hard as hell to work with", as  his  style  was 
"oppressive" and he "didn't have trust and faith in other individuals.") 
When Shockley refused the suggestions of his eight engineers who  wanted  to 
concentrate on silicon transistors, while their  boss  pursued  research  on 
four-layer diodes, they decided to quit and start their own firm in 1957. 
Within several months Shockley had to shut down his firm, since he had  lost 
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